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There are a few cases that $L^2$-homology (cohomology) that can be introduced. For example, for a manifold, it can be defined in the same way as de Rham cohomology using square integrable differential forms. However, is it possible to define it in a way analogous to homology with (abelian) coefficients, for example, we take the ordinary chain complex (e.g., simplicial or cellular) and tensor with a Hilbert space with $L^2$ functions with homology defined by kernel/closure of image? It is not easy to find such a construction in literature, is it because for a finite simplical complex, such a construction does not give anything interesting or are there any other intrinsic problems?

By the way, I noticed the construction of $L^2$-invariants (e.g., Lück, Wolfgang (2002). L2-invariants: theory and applications to geometry and K-theory.), but it is still much more complicated than the naive approach I described above where group von Neumann algebra plays an essential role.

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  • $\begingroup$ See e.g. Cheeger-Gromov 1985 ihes.fr/~gromov/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/549.pdf $\endgroup$ Commented Feb 25, 2023 at 3:06
  • $\begingroup$ Thank you for the reference. $\endgroup$
    – F J
    Commented Feb 25, 2023 at 3:29
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    $\begingroup$ I think Lück does define $L^2$ cohomology in the simplest possible way, as $\ell^2$ cochains modulo the closure of boundaries of $\ell^2$ chains. But this is an infinite dimensional vector space. The von Neumann algebras come in to provide structure and produce more interesting invariants than just zero or nonzero. $\endgroup$ Commented Feb 26, 2023 at 1:20

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