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As in Chapter 6.2 of "Introduction to arithmetic groups" (by D.W. Morris), compact arithmetic surfaces could be defined through quaternion algebras $\mathbb{H}^{a,b}_F=\big(\frac{a,b}{F}\big)$ (for example $a=b=\sqrt{2},F=\mathbb{Q}[\sqrt{2}]$), while in many papers, compact arithmetic surfaces are restricted to the case $a,b\in\mathbb{Z},F=\mathbb{Q}$.

Hecke operators always play important roles: for $m\in\mathbb{N}^+$, put $R(m)=\{\alpha\in \mathbb{H}^{a,b}_\mathbb{Z}\mid \alpha\overline{\alpha}=m\}$, then $R(1)\backslash R(m)$ is finite. Since $R(m)$ acts naturally on the upper half plane $\mathbb{H}$, we have the Hecke operator $T_m\colon L^2(R(1)\backslash\mathbb{H})\to L^2(R(1)\backslash\mathbb{H})$ given by \begin{equation} T_mf(z)=\sum_{\alpha\in R(1)\backslash R(m)}f(\alpha z). \end{equation} Could we define Hecke operators analogously by replacing $\mathbb{H}^{a,b}_\mathbb{Z},m\in\mathbb{N}^+,R(m)$ with $\mathbb{H}^{\sqrt{2},\sqrt{2}}_{\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{2}]},m\in\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{2}]^+,R(m)=\{\alpha\in \mathbb{H}^{\sqrt{2},\sqrt{2}}_{\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{2}]}\mid \alpha\overline{\alpha}=m\}$ respectively?

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    $\begingroup$ I think one often restricts to the $F \in \mathbb Q$ case for simplicity. $\endgroup$
    – Will Sawin
    Commented Aug 7, 2022 at 19:28
  • $\begingroup$ @WillSawin, thanks for your comment! I've added some details, it would be greatly appreciated if you could take a look. $\endgroup$
    – Local
    Commented Aug 7, 2022 at 20:19
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    $\begingroup$ The question in the title and the question in the body are quite different. What do you want to know? How to define Hecke operators? $\endgroup$
    – Kimball
    Commented Aug 8, 2022 at 0:40
  • $\begingroup$ @Kimball, sorry I didn't explain it clearly, I was wondering if one usually restricts to $F=\mathbb{Q}$ just because we cannot define the Hecke operators on cases like $R(1)=\{\alpha\in \mathbb{H}^{\sqrt{2},\sqrt{2}}_{\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{2}]}\mid \alpha\overline{\alpha}=1\}$? $\endgroup$
    – Local
    Commented Aug 8, 2022 at 1:06
  • $\begingroup$ @Local Hecke operators are (always) defined for any arithmetic lattice as sum over the double $\Gamma$ cosets. One can formulate it in adelic fashion as well. $\endgroup$
    – Asaf
    Commented Aug 8, 2022 at 13:35

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