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  1. Can somebody share a link to papers( books) where this fornula was deduced? $e^{\frac{1}{2}\sum_{ij}K_{ij}s_is_j} =\left(\frac{\det{K}}{(2\pi)^N} \right)^{1/2} \int^{\infty}_{-\infty}...\int^{\infty}_{\infty}\prod_{k=1}^Nd\phi_k \exp{\left[-\frac{1}{2}\sum_{ij}\phi_i K_{ij}\phi_j + \sum_{ij} s_iK_{ij}\phi_j\right]}$

where $K$ is a symmetric positive definite matrix 2. What is if K is negative? I think the following $e^{\frac{1}{2}\sum_{ij}(-|K_{ij}|s_is_j)} =\left(\frac{\det{K}}{(2\pi)^N} \right)^{1/2} \int^{\infty}_{-\infty}...\int^{\infty}_{\infty}\prod_{k=1}^Nd\phi_k \exp{\left[-\frac{1}{2}\sum_{ij}\phi_i K_{ij}\phi_j + i\sum_{ij} s_iK_{ij}\phi_j\right]}$

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    $\begingroup$ 1) this is a simple exercise of completing the square; 2) the integral over $\phi_k$ does not converge for negative $K$. $\endgroup$ Commented Jul 16, 2018 at 19:26

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