Let $\Omega\colon \mathrm{Top}_*\to\mathrm{Top}_*$ be the loop space functor assigning to each pointed topological space $X$ the pointed space consisting of all based continuous maps $S^1\to X$ equipped with the compact-open topology.
Is there a topological characterisation of the objects lying in the range of $\Omega$?
I am aware of the results in terms of $A_\infty$-structures, but if I am not mistaken those results provide a homotopical characterisation, not a topological one. This implies that one must restrict attention to nice spaces such as CW complexes. I am interested instead in the category $\mathrm{Top}$.