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Let $X/k$ be a smooth curve of genus $g>1$ over a number field $k$. By the Faltings theorem (nee Mordell's conjecture), the set of $k$ - rational points $X(k)$ is finite. Due to the Mordell-Weil theorem, Faltings's theorem is a consequence of the following statement: If $X$ is a complex smooth curve of genus $g>1$, and $\Gamma\subset J$ is a finitely generated subgroup of the Jacobian $J=Jac(X)$, then $X\cap \Gamma$ is finite.

The latter statement is purely geometrical (and known to be true). So it is natural to try to prove it using geometric methods, but as far as I know, nobody did this. Are there any promising approaches towards geometric proof of the Faltings theorem? (I have heard of Chabauty's method, but probably it doesn't work for $\mathbb{C}$.)

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    $\begingroup$ This is a good question. It has always struck me that the only known proofs of the Mordell conjecture over number fields, as well as of the Manin-Mumford conjecture require arithmetic models. The only thing I know in the "purely complex" (or "geometrical") direction is Zannier-Pila's approach to Manin-Mumford (but not Mordell...), which still requires arithmetics, but less so than Raynaud's (or Ullmo-Szpiro-Zhang, or Pink-R.'s). $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 1, 2014 at 7:06
  • $\begingroup$ In light of the recent breakthrough by Lawrence and Venkatesh (recent as in July 2018), perhaps it is worthwhile to look at this question again. $\endgroup$ Commented Aug 27, 2019 at 15:08

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