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In this paper, if we denote the $k$ largest eigenvalues by $\lambda_N,\lambda_{n-1},··· ,\lambda_{N-k+1}, $ then for Gaussian ensembles the joint distribution function of rescaled eigenvalues has the limit:

$$ \lim_{N\to\infty}P(N^{2/3}(\lambda_N-2)\le s_1,\dots, N^{2/3}(\lambda_{N-k+1}-2)\le s_k)=F_{\beta, k}(s_1,\dots, s_k) $$

Can we say the gap $\lambda_N-\lambda_{N-k+1}=O_p(N^{-2/3})$ by the continuous mapping theorem?

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  • $\begingroup$ What is $n$ here? Also, do you mean $\lambda_{N-k+1}-\lambda_1=O_p(n^{-2/3})$ or $\lambda_{N-k+1}-\lambda_N=O_p(n^{-2/3})$? $\endgroup$ Commented Dec 6, 2022 at 21:14
  • $\begingroup$ @IosifPinelis Sorry, that is a typo. That is $N$. $\endgroup$
    – Hermi
    Commented Dec 6, 2022 at 21:15
  • $\begingroup$ What about my second question? $\endgroup$ Commented Dec 6, 2022 at 21:16
  • $\begingroup$ Then to what result do you want to apply the continuous mapping theorem? The result you cited does not involve $\lambda_1$. $\endgroup$ Commented Dec 6, 2022 at 21:21
  • $\begingroup$ Oh! I am so sorry. I mean $\lambda_N-\lambda_{N-k+1}$. Because I think that as $\lambda_1\le \lambda_2\le \cdots \lambda_k$. So I want to say if we have $\lambda_k-\lambda_1=O_p(N^{-2/3})$. $\endgroup$
    – Hermi
    Commented Dec 6, 2022 at 21:25

1 Answer 1

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$\newcommand\la\lambda$The answer is: yes, of course.

Indeed, let $X_{N,i}:=N^{2/3}(\la_i-2)$. By the limit theorem you cited and (say) Example 2.3, p. 18, the $k$-tuple $(X_{N,N},\dots,X_{N,N-k+1})$ converges in distribution to some $k$-tuple $(Y_1,\dots,Y_k)$ of random variables. So, by continuous mapping theorem, $N^{2/3}(\la_N-\la_{N-k+1})=X_{N,N}-X_{N,N-k+1}$ converges in distribution to $Y_1-Y_k$.

So, $N^{2/3}(\la_N-\la_{N-k+1})=O_P(1)$, that is, $\la_N-\la_{N-k+1}=O_P(N^{-2/3})$, as desired.

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