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Let $X\subset \mathbb P^n$ be a surface (possibly singular) and $\omega_X$ be its dualizing sheaf. Let $G$ be a finite group acting on $X$ (possibly with fixed points). We know how to calculate the dualizing sheaf for surfaces in projective space (ref https://mathoverflow.net/q/125724). I want to know what will happen to dualizing sheaf on $X/G$. In particular I want to know how to calculate the dualizing sheaf on $X/G$. Also if $\omega_X$ is ample then under what conditions the dualizing sheaf of $X/G$ is ample.

Kindly provide with down-to-earth references and examples.

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  • $\begingroup$ What do you mean by $X/G$? $\endgroup$
    – Sasha
    Commented Aug 4, 2016 at 14:13
  • $\begingroup$ @Sasha: X/G is the quotient variety. $\endgroup$
    – SAG
    Commented Aug 4, 2016 at 16:33

1 Answer 1

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If $f:X\to Y$ is a finite morphism, and assuming that both $X$ and $Y$ admit dualizing sheaves, then by duality (see [Hartshorne, Ex.III.6.10]) you have the first map of the following: $$ \eta: f_*\omega_X\to \mathscr Hom _Y(f_*\mathscr O_X,\omega_Y)\to \omega_Y, $$ where the second map is induced by the natural map $$ \varrho: \mathscr O_Y \to f_*\mathscr O_X. $$

Now, if $f$ is the quotient map by a finite group $G$, then $\varrho$ is just the embedding of the set of $G$ invariant sections of $f_*\mathscr O_X$.

Similarly, in that case $\eta$ is $G$-invariant and I am guessing that it is the largest $G$-equivariant quotient of $f_*\omega_X$ on which the induced $G$ action is trivial. I suppose this should tell you what the quotient is, but the problem is that this map is not necessarily surjective, the cokernel is contained in $$ \mathscr Ext^1_Y\left( f_*\mathscr O_X\big/\mathscr O_Y, \omega_Y\right). $$ Of course if you can prove that this is trivial, then you're in business. It does happen frequently that $f_*\mathscr O_X$ is free and $\mathscr O_Y$ is a direct summand in which case the above $\mathscr Ext^1$ is zero. But in general this will depend on $G$, the singularities of $X$ and the action.

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  • $\begingroup$ So long as the order of $G$ is invertible in the ground ring, the morphism $\rho$ admits a retraction via averaging (i.e., a "Reynolds operator"). Thus $\eta$ is surjective. $\endgroup$ Commented Aug 5, 2016 at 0:59
  • $\begingroup$ Jason, don't you need $X$ and $Y$ to be normal for that? $\endgroup$ Commented Aug 5, 2016 at 1:35
  • $\begingroup$ But you're right. $\endgroup$ Commented Aug 5, 2016 at 1:36

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