Skip to main content
Eduard Čech was not Polish
Source Link
Emil Jeřábek
  • 47.1k
  • 4
  • 147
  • 208

It is well known that the Stone-CzechStone–Čech compactification $\beta \mathbb N^+$ of the positive natural numbers has the structure of a compact left semitopological semigroup and hence, by Ellis's lemma, has idempotents. The usual proof of Ellis's lemma uses Zorn's lemma. Idempotent ultrafilters are clearly non-principal. It is known that the existence of non-principal ultrafilters is weaker than the axiom of choice.

My question is whether the existence of idempotent ultrafilters in $\beta \mathbb N^+$ is still weaker than choice?

It is well known that the Stone-Czech compactification $\beta \mathbb N^+$ of the positive natural numbers has the structure of a compact left semitopological semigroup and hence, by Ellis's lemma, has idempotents. The usual proof of Ellis's lemma uses Zorn's lemma. Idempotent ultrafilters are clearly non-principal. It is known that the existence of non-principal ultrafilters is weaker than the axiom of choice.

My question is whether the existence of idempotent ultrafilters in $\beta \mathbb N^+$ is still weaker than choice?

It is well known that the Stone–Čech compactification $\beta \mathbb N^+$ of the positive natural numbers has the structure of a compact left semitopological semigroup and hence, by Ellis's lemma, has idempotents. The usual proof of Ellis's lemma uses Zorn's lemma. Idempotent ultrafilters are clearly non-principal. It is known that the existence of non-principal ultrafilters is weaker than the axiom of choice.

My question is whether the existence of idempotent ultrafilters in $\beta \mathbb N^+$ is still weaker than choice?

edited tags
Link
Benjamin Steinberg
  • 38.6k
  • 3
  • 104
  • 186
Source Link
Benjamin Steinberg
  • 38.6k
  • 3
  • 104
  • 186

Is choice needed to establish the existence of idempotent ultrafilters?

It is well known that the Stone-Czech compactification $\beta \mathbb N^+$ of the positive natural numbers has the structure of a compact left semitopological semigroup and hence, by Ellis's lemma, has idempotents. The usual proof of Ellis's lemma uses Zorn's lemma. Idempotent ultrafilters are clearly non-principal. It is known that the existence of non-principal ultrafilters is weaker than the axiom of choice.

My question is whether the existence of idempotent ultrafilters in $\beta \mathbb N^+$ is still weaker than choice?