Skip to main content
Notice removed Draw attention by CommunityBot
Bounty Ended with Thomas Lehéricy's answer chosen by CommunityBot
Notice added Draw attention by Sanae Kochiya
Bounty Started worth 100 reputation by Sanae Kochiya
added 71 characters in body
Source Link

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space where $X$ have infinitely many points and the topology is non-discrete, $m$ be a regular non-atomic probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an autohomeomorphismhomeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x) = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) $$$$ \begin{aligned} &\hspace{0.6cm} \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x)\\ & = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) \end{aligned} $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, when $X$ has non-empty homeomorphism group, for each probability regular non-atomicprobability measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial countable subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space where $X$ have infinitely many points and the topology is non-discrete, $m$ be a regular non-atomic probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an autohomeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x) = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, for each probability regular non-atomic measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial countable subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space where $X$ have infinitely many points and the topology is non-discrete, $m$ be a regular probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an homeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \begin{aligned} &\hspace{0.6cm} \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x)\\ & = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) \end{aligned} $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, when $X$ has non-empty homeomorphism group, for each regular probability measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial countable subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.

added 81 characters in body
Source Link

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space where $X$ have infinitely many points and the topology is non-discrete, $m$ be a regular non-atomic probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an autohomeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x) = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, for each probability regular non-atomic measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial countable subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space, $m$ be a regular non-atomic probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an autohomeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x) = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, for each probability regular non-atomic measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space where $X$ have infinitely many points and the topology is non-discrete, $m$ be a regular non-atomic probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an autohomeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x) = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, for each probability regular non-atomic measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial countable subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.

Source Link

Radon-Nikodym derivative in a compact Hausdorff space

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space, $m$ be a regular non-atomic probability measure defined on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $X$, and $g$ an autohomeomorphism of $X$. Suppose that the image measure $g_{\ast}m$ (defined by $g_{\ast}m(O) = m\big[g^{-1}(O)\big]$ for each Borel subset $O$) is equivalent to $m$. Then, for each $F\in C(X)$, I will have:

$$ \int_X F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x)\,dm(x) = \int_X F(x)\,d(g_{\ast}m)(x) = \int_X F(x)\, dm(g^{-1}(x)) = \int_X F\circ g(x)\,dm(x) $$

Define $\phi_m$ to be the positive linear functional defined by $m$ (and defined on $C(X)$) and $\phi_{g_{\ast}m}$ similarly, $I = \{F\in C(X): \phi_m(\vert\,f\,\vert)=0\}$ and $I_g = \{F\in C(X): \phi_{g_{\ast}m}(\vert\,f\,\vert) = 0\}$. Then the image of the following mapping:

$$ M: I_g\rightarrow I,\hspace{0.3cm} F(x) \mapsto F(x)\frac{d\,g_{\ast}m}{d\,m}(x) $$ is equal to the image of the action (restrcited on $I_g$) defined by $g\bullet F(x) = F\circ g(x)$. Obviously both mappings are invertible and the action is a isometric isomorphism between $I_g$ and $I$. My questions are:

  1. Since the action $F\mapsto g\bullet F$ is multiplicative, $M$ will never coincide with the action unless $g$ is the identity. In this case what can we tell about the local range of $(d\,g_{\ast}m/d\,m)$?
  2. Is it true that, for each probability regular non-atomic measure $m$, there exists a non-identity element $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ (the homeomorphism group of $X$) such that $m$ is equivalent to $g_{\ast}m$?
  3. Given a non-trivial subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, will there exist a regular non-atomic probability measure $m$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$?

Update: Let $m$ be a probability regular non-atomic measure and assume $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ satisfies $m\sim gm$. According to this post, we can find a compact set $C_{\epsilon}$ such that both $m(C_{\epsilon})$ and $gm(C_{\epsilon})$ are less than $\epsilon$. I tried to use this and the Urysohn's Lemma to decide the local behavior of the derivative but failed. Any hints will be appreciated.

Update2: From the Corollary 6.2.2 in Measures on topological space written by V.I.Bogachev (link), for a fixed $g\in\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$, one can find a Radon probability measure $m$ (and hence regular when $X$ is compact) such that $g_{\ast}m = m$. In such case, compared to my original question, I suppose it would not be too greedy to ask, given $m$ a probability measure, is it possible to find a subgroup $G\subseteq\operatorname{Homeo}(X)$ such that $g_{\ast}m\sim m$ for each $g\in G$.