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I'm sorry for the misunderstanding. What I meant was that you define det to be some number if your scheme if the scheme gives a finite answer, so, no, I don't know any scheme to make det(2*I) finite.
Ok, it's certainly my mistake --- I basically thought det exp A is defined as exp tr A which would make (1) trivial. But for the reference, I think books.google.com/… might help.
Wow, that's amazing. I don't know what would be the right way to proceed. It's probably easiest if I make a separate question about analogues of elliptic curves over spectra, sorry to ask so much!
Indeed, I forgot about the rep restriction. Actually, once there are many people here, you'll be getting a high rep very fast. Here's +10 for you :) but please remove the (3) as the answer is known to be positive by 3 other answers.