Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers.
Small correction to Thm. 1 (I think): $\det(I+Z+\ldots+Z^{\omega(C)-1})$ will be $0$ if $1<\gcd(\omega(C),n)<n$ (so that you can get determinant $0$ also in the connected case).
I have just corrected a sign, but nothing essential has changed. The structure of the formula is easy to explain, but I don't see why only the factors +1 and -1 appear. If I don't have a new idea tomorrow I'll post the conjecture.
You're welcome. Yes, I think it will get more attention with the tags "linear algebra" and "determinants". Feel free to post it - in a sense it is your conjecture (as follow-up of this post).
@Clement C.:I'm surprised that you didn't correct the factor $\tfrac{1}{4}$ in (4) and (5) (you can easily check that in [3] Althöfer/Sillke use definition (1) and give the inequality with factor $\tfrac{1}{2}$). Let me know if I can improve the answer to something useful, in particular if anything is unclear, false, or too succinct.