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I'm not entirely certain what sort of resources you're looking for (e.g. just papers published by people from historically underrepresented groups? or references ABOUT such people doing mathematics?) but one interesting jumping off point is: mathad.com/home
there was a mistake in the "remark" at the bottom of the original question. when that mistake is fixed it offers a plausible approach to solving the problem, which i outlined
Wow thanks, that's wonderful! And yeah, I suppose part 2 could maybe depend on something like connectedness of the diagram, or filteredness, or some kind of thing like that.