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An important and fundamental axiom in set theory sometimes called Zermelo's axiom of choice. It was formulated by Zermelo in 1904 and states that, given any set of mutually disjoint nonempty sets, there exists at least one set that contains exactly one element in common with each of the nonempty sets. The axiom of choice is related to the first of Hilbert's problems.

2 votes

An equivalent of the axiom of choice?

With such shared/common knowledge problems, even when AC isn't involved, I think a crucial first step is to get away from the "story" version. For example, since this is only interesting once the set …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
1 vote

A question about the Axiom of Choice and straight lines in the Euclidean plane.

(Too long to be a comment, but:) It is impossible to, say, make the union of $C$ either the complement of an open concave region (trivial) or the complement of an open circle (there's only one possibl …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
1 vote

Axiom of Choice and Vitali's theorem

(I believe this material is in Jech's giant set theory book, but I don't have it in front of me right now.) I am almost entirely certain that the existence of a non-measurable set of reals is not equ …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
6 votes
Accepted

Why doesn't choice imply global choice (in NBG)?

Your first sentence is true (modulo the word "inductive"), but not in the way you mean: $ZFC$ proves the existence of many set well-orderings of each $V_\alpha$. Now, under some further assumption - s …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
1 vote
Accepted

Matching power series to infinity

I believe the answer to your simpler question is "no:" Fix an infinite sequence of sets $A_i$ ($i\in\omega$) for which no choice function exists. Now let $A$ be the free commutative ring generated by …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
2 votes

What axioms are stronger than the Axiom of choice?

The axiom of global choice. Technically this isn't really an axiom: global choice (GC) states that there is a formula $\phi(x, y)$ such that the relation $$ A\le_\phi B:= V\models \phi(A, B)$$ is a we …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
4 votes

Set theory question

I'm assuming you're asking about the theory $ZF+\neg AC+CH$. The answer is yes - but you have to be clear about what you mean by "$CH$." First, a trivial example: we can start with a model of $ZFC+CH …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
1 vote
Accepted

Is Proper Class Choice equivalent to Global Choice?

Yes, this is still equivalent: given any relation $R$, consider the new relation $$R^{bigrows}=\{\langle x,y\rangle: \exists a,b(y=\langle a,b\rangle\wedge \langle x,a\rangle\in R)\}.$$ Basically, $R^ …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
5 votes
Accepted

The patterns of possibility for nontrivial automorphisms and nontrivial elementary embedding...

I think there's some confusion over automorphisms/embeddings which are "internal" vs. those which are "external." Some comments which I hope clear things up: No model of ZF has nontrivial definable …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
14 votes

Independence of the countable axiom of choice

I'm going to play fast and loose with details here, but the outline is correct. To answer your new questions: no, there is no short proof. And this only shows one direction of the indpenedence of AC, …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
18 votes
Accepted

Cantor-Bernstein with "weakly injective" functions

No, it is not provable in $\mathsf{ZF}$. It is consistent with $\mathsf{ZF}$ that there is a sequence of disjoint two-element sets whose union is not countable, i.e. $\vert A_i\vert=2$ but there is no …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

Amorphous proper classes in MK

Unless I'm missing something, the answer is no: we have a surjection $s$ from a given proper class to the class of ordinals - sending each element to its rank and then "collapsing" appropriately - and …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
4 votes

Relation between AC and the axiom of foundation

The following is an easy recipe for building a model of ZFA+AC with one atom, from a model $M$ of ZFC (it's trivial to modify this construction to include arbitrarily large sets of atoms, and even a p …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

Notation arb(x)

It depends how the remaining axioms of ZF are altered (or not). For example, do we broaden the scheme of replacement to apply to formulas of set theory which contain the symbol "$arb$"? If so, then as …
Noah Schweber's user avatar
4 votes
Accepted

Does choice always hold in a model of ZF with point-wise parameter-free definable sets?

The following fleshes out the comments above by Asaf and Andreas. First, note that the idea you outline at the end will not work: it implicitly assumes that the relation "$\varphi$ defines $a$" is de …
Noah Schweber's user avatar

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