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Computational Number Theory is for explicit calculations or algorithms involving anything of interest to number theorists.

16 votes
4 answers
25k views

Is there an efficient algorithm for finding a square root modulo a prime power?

Cipolla's algorithm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipolla's_algorithm is an efficient algorithm for finding a square root modulo a prime number. Is there an efficient algorithm for finding a square roo …
Craig Feinstein's user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
461 views

Discrete log problem modified

Suppose one is given an odd prime $p$, a generator $g$ of $(\mathbb Z/p \mathbb Z)^*$ and two integers $a$ and $b$. Is there an efficient method to determine whether $\log_g a < \log_g b$? (Here we ar …
Craig Feinstein's user avatar
35 votes
9 answers
9k views

Why is integer factoring hard while determining whether an integer is prime easy?

In 2002, the discovery of the AKS algorithm proved that it is possible to determine whether an integer is prime in polynomial time deterministically. However, it is still not known whether there is an …
Craig Feinstein's user avatar