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Let $K$ be a multiplicatively written semigroup (either commutative or not) and $H$ a subsemigroup of $K$. We say that $H$ is divisor-closed (in $K$) if $x \in H$ for all $x, y \in K$ such that $x \mi …

Let $\text{M}_n(R)$ be the ring of $n$-by-$n$ matrices with entries in a commutative unital ring $R$. Theorem III in C.R. Yohe, Triangular and Diagonal Forms for Matrices over Commutative Noetheri …

[In a comment to the OP, I asked whether a statement along the lines of Corollary 1 below would count as an "interesting structure theorem", and this post expands on John Baez's yes to that question.] …

I'm seeking a book or a survey providing an overview, as rich as possible, of the literature on Dedekind-finite (or von Neumann-finite) rings (let me recall that a unital ring $R$ is Dedekind-finite i …

Edit (following the clarifications of the OP): This is not an answer, it is rather a long comment. Studying this kind of questions is part of the mission of factorization theory: The language of the t …

The following comes as a by-product of a more abstract result, and I'm essentially looking for a reference to it (or to something more general than it). Corollary. Let $R$ be a non-trivial Dedekin …

Let $H$ be a commutative monoid (written multiplicatively). We say that a set $I \subseteq H$ is an ideal of $H$ if $IH = I$. The set $\mathcal I(H)$ of all ideals of $H$ is made into a (commutative) …

Let $H$ be a multiplicatively written monoid with identity $1_H$. An atom of $H$ is a non-unit element $a \in H$ that doesn't split into the product of two non-unit elements. Given $x \in H$, we tak …

Let $H$ be a multiplicatively written commutative monoid. We use $\mathcal A(H)$ for the set of atoms of $H$ and $\pi_H$ for the canonical homomorphism $\mathscr F(\mathcal A(H)) \to H$, where $a \in …

Figured it out (sorry for answering my own question). I'll prove the following: Lemma. Let $H$ be a linearly orderable monoid and $R$ a domain whose group of units is trivial. Then $H$ embeds as a …

In Proposition 1.1 of [Math. Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc. 64 (1968), No. 2, 251-264], P.M. Cohn famously claimed (without proof) that a commutative domain is atomic if and only if it satisfies the ascen …

Edit (Apr 24, 2017). I'm updating this post in the light of the latest developments of a related thread. Let $H$ be a multiplicatively written, commutative monoid, and set $M := H \setminus H^\time …

Let $H$ be a monoid, and denote by $H^\times$ and $\mathcal A(H)$, respectively, the set of units (or invertible elements) and the set of atoms (or irreducible elements) of $H$ (an element $a \in H$ i …

Let $H$ be a multiplicatively written, commutative monoid with identity $1_H$, and let $\mathcal P(H)$ be the power set of $H$. If $X, Y \subseteq H$, we will set $$XY := \{xy: x \in X,\, y \in Y\}.$$ …

Let $H$ be the multiplicative monoid of the (usual) semiring of polynomials in one variable $x$ with coefficients in $\mathbf N$. Given $\alpha, k \in \mathbf N$, denote by $\mathcal A_k(\alpha)$ the …