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Algebraic number fields, Algebraic integers, Arithmetic Geometry, Elliptic Curves, Function fields, Local fields, Arithmetic groups, Automorphic forms, zeta functions, $L$-functions, Quadratic forms, Quaternion algebras, Homogenous forms, Class groups, Units, Galois theory, Group cohomology, Étale cohomology, Motives, Class field theory, Iwasawa theory, Modular curves, Shimura varieties, Jacobian varieties, Moduli spaces

7 votes
3 answers
603 views

Question on a crucial lemma in Euler's approach to Fermat's Last Theorem for $n=3$

As many of you may know, the illustrious L. Euler put forward a proof of the case $n=3$ of Fermat's Last Theorem via infinite descent. The thing is that, at a certain point, he resorted to the follo …
José Hdz. Stgo.'s user avatar
4 votes

An old paper of S.Chowla on unit equations

For what it is worth, I reproduce below the relevant paragraphs in Chowla's aforementioned paper. The number of solutions of the equation $$\epsilon - \epsilon^{\prime} =1 \qquad \qquad \qquad(1)$$ …
José Hdz. Stgo.'s user avatar
10 votes

Fermat's Last Theorem in finite fields

It is more or less easy to obtain, via exponential sums, an asymptotic formula for the number $J$ of solutions of the congruence $$x^{n}+y^{n} \equiv z^{n} \pmod{p}$$ where $$1 \leq x, y, z \leq p- …
José Hdz. Stgo.'s user avatar
41 votes

Is $x^2+x+1$ ever a perfect power?

Your equation can be rewritten as $$\frac{x^{3}-1}{x-1} = y^{N}.$$ As Gerhard Paseman commented above, the Diophantine equation $$ \frac{x^{n} − 1}{x-1} = y^{q} \quad x > 1, \quad y>1, \quad n>2 \quad …
José Hdz. Stgo.'s user avatar