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first-order and higher-order logic, model theory, set theory, proof theory, computability theory, formal languages, definability, interplay of syntax and semantics, constructive logic, intuitionism, philosophical logic, modal logic, completeness, Gödel incompleteness, decidability, undecidability, theories of truth, truth revision, consistency.
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What are the models of Peano Arithmetic plus the negation of the corresponding Gödel sentenc...
Since the Godel sentence for PA (G henceforth) is independent of PA, if PA is consistent, so is PA plus not-G. Thus, since PA is a first-order theory, if PA is consistent, PA plus not-G has some model …
2
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Propositional logic and first order logic textbook
A first course in logic by S. Hedman (OUP) is excellent.