1. Every unitary $\infty$-dim'l irreducible representation can be writen as inducing a square-integrable representation from a Levi subgroup $G' =G_{r_1} \times \dots G_{r_2}$.

2. I guess $[\pi_0]$ is the family, where you tensor by unramified one-dimensional representations of $G'$, so that is not a fancy action but does not preserve unitarity.

3. The character formula for a prabolic induced rep looks for parabolic $P_r = G_r N_r$ and Iwasawa decomposition $G = P_r K_r$ like
$$ tr\; \pi(\phi) =  tr\; \pi(\phi^{N,K}) , \qquad   
\phi^{N,K}(g) := \int\limits_{N}\int\limits_{K} \pi(k^{-1}gnk) d k\; d n\;(g \in G_r).$$ 

All what I am mentioning holds for arbitrary local fields, but the polynomial statement will only be true for non-archimedean fields.

I would check Laumon - Cohomology of Drinfeld modules I and probably II. Most likely, he does the local things without specifying the characteristic of the local field, but of course does not address the archimedean situation at all.