For your first question:

They are essentially all the same thing: some globular, some simplicial (taking the nerve goes from the former to the latter). The only subtlety is perhaps in the requirement on the maps $d_{2,0}, d_{2,2}$ to be surjective submersions in the del Hoyo–Stefani paper. This is not unusual for the simplicial approach to n-groupoids in non-finitely complete sites: the Kan condition (which is what these maps are about) shouldn't be just encoded by a certain map being an epimorphism, but being a cover of some sort. This is also the content of Definition 1.2 in Henriques' paper (note that you have linked to the arXiv [version 2](https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0603563v2) of the paper, and that's what I'm referring to. [Version 1](https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0603563v1) has slightly different material and you should also check it out). I don't recall offhand if this is automatic for the globular definition as in Ginot–Stiénon's paper. 

So I would say with some confidence that 2.–4. are the same, apart from dealing with a 2-groupoid vs the nerve of a 2-groupoid, and 1. might be very slightly more general, though only in a small technical hypothesis that a certain small class of surjective maps are not required to be submersions a priori. I didn't dig into the techicalities of [Brown–Mackenzie](https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1170713) (cited by Ginot–Stiénon) to see if one gets submersions automatically. Ideally the nLab page on Lie 2-groupoids would get updated by some friendly soul who wants to put in the work to explain the more elementary viewpoint.

On a historical note, apart from the technical hypothesis, these definitions essentially go back to Charles Ehresmann, who defined (strict) 2-categories, double categories, internal categories (including Lie categories) and so on. Focusing specifically on the case 2-groupoids/double groupoids/Lie groupoids arose slowly, partly driven by Brown, Mackenzie, Pradines, Haefliger, .... and so on.

As far as different notion of 2-groupoids go, one can consider the composition functor on hom-groupoids to be a map of their associated stacks, hence an anafunctor as opposed to an internal functor. This viewpoint is implicit in 

> Christian Blohmann, _Stacky Lie groups_, Int. Mat. Res. Not. (2008) Vol. 2008: article ID rnn082, 51 pages, doi:[10.1093/imrn/rnn082](https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnn082), arXiv:[math/0702399](https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0702399)

where the one-object case is considered (the general stacky notion is discussed by Breen in _Bitorseurs et cohomologie non abélienne_. In The Grothendieck Festschrift, Vol. I, Progr. Math., vol. 86, pp. 401–476 (1990)). More explicitly this notion is considered in 

>Chenchang Zhu, _Lie $n$-groupoids and stacky Lie groupoids_
arXiv:[math/0609420](https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0609420)

(with a more general theory in her followup paper [0801.2057](https://arxiv.org/abs/0801.2057)) using the language of stacks. In general, what this means is that if you take the viewpoint on internal 2-groupoids as in Definition 2.1 of

> _A bigroupoid's topology (or, Topologising the homotopy bigroupoid of a space)_, Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures **11** Issue 4 (2016) pp 923–942, doi:[10.1007/s40062-016-0160-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s40062-016-0160-0), [arXiv:1302.7019](https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.7019).

(there given for topological bigroupoids, but one could repeat the definition mutatis mutandis for Lie 2-groupoids, taking the natural transformations $a,r,l,e,i$ to identities), then the hom-groupoid is a Lie groupoid over the square of the manifold of objects, with some properties, and then composition is an anafunctor between Lie groupoids over this manifold. And so on. This provides and extra layer of weakness to the structure. This viewpoint (in the special case of Lie 2-groups) was also used by [Chris Schommer-Pries](https://arxiv.org/abs/0911.2483). One should view this as some kind of internal [enrichment](https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/enriched+category) of a Lie groupoid in the (cartesian monoidal) category of differentiable stacks, much like ordinary 2-groupoids are groupoids enriched in the category of groupoids.