There is a letter from Fermat to Mersenne, sent in September 1636, where Fermat proposes such problem: > $3^o$. Invenire duo quadratoquadratos quorum summa aequetur > quadratoquadrato, aut duos cubos > quorum summa sit cubus. or "Find two fourth powers, whose sum is the fourth power or two cubes, whose sum is a cube." So, Fermat definitely had thought about this problem in 1636. The letter could be found [here][1]. [1]: http://www.archive.org/details/oeuvresdefermat942ferm