$\textbf{Logic:}$ Mono-sorted first order logic with equality. $\textbf{Extralogical Primitives: } <, \in$ $ \textbf{Axioms:}$ - $ \textbf{Order:} \ x < y < z \to x < z $ - $ \textbf{Finiteness:} \\ y \in x \to \exists \, l,u \in x \forall m \in x : m \neq l \leftrightarrow l < m \leq u $ - $\textbf{Sets: } \forall n \exists! x \forall m (m \in x \leftrightarrow n \not < m \land \phi)$, if $x$ is not free in formula $\phi$. Correction, to avoid the degenerate case mentioned in Hamkins answer below, the axiom schema of sets must be corrected to the following: - $\textbf{Sets: } \forall n \exists! x \forall m (m \in x \leftrightarrow (n \not < m \lor m=n) \land \phi)$, if $x$ is not free in formula $\phi$. This theory is just a reformulation of the theory presented in posting titled ["Is this theory synonymous with PA?"][1], and as shown per answers, it is [not bi-interpretable][2] with $\sf PA$, though it is [mutually interpretable][3] with it. Two questions: > To which theory in the language of $\sf PA$ this theory is bi-interpretable? > To which fragment of the standard set theory this theory is bi-interpretable? [1]: https://mathoverflow.net/q/461599/95347 [2]: https://mathoverflow.net/a/461632/95347 [3]: https://mathoverflow.net/a/461626/95347