> When I was a student an idea was popular in Soviet Union that war moves science. I must confess, I am a partisan of the opposite one: war kills science. I would be grateful to people here who would share their knowledge and give illustrations on that score.

That is a hard task, since a killed scientist might never produce the work for which he would later have become famous, if he had not died earlier.  But coming up with big names being killed (often intentionally) during war times is easy:

 - [Archimedes][1] died during the Siege of Syracuse when he was killed
   by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed.
 - [Lavoisier][2] was convicted and guillotined on 8 May 1794 in Paris, at the age of 50, along with his 27 co-defendants.
> Lavoisier's importance to science was expressed by Lagrange who lamented the beheading by saying: "*Il ne leur a fallu qu’un moment pour faire tomber cette tête, et cent années peut-être ne suffiront pas pour en reproduire une semblable.*" ("It took them only an instant to cut off this head, and one hundred years might not suffice to reproduce its like.")
 - When the war broke out in 1914, [Hasenöhrl][3] volunteered at once into the Austria-Hungarian army. He fought as Oberleutnant against the Italians in Tyrol. He was wounded, recovered and returned to the front. He was then killed by a grenade in an attack on Mount Plaut (Folgaria) on 7 October 1915 at the age of 40.
> In 1907 he became Boltzmann's successor at the University of Vienna as the head of the Department of Theoretical Physics. He had a number of illustrious pupils there and had an especially significant impact on Erwin Schrödinger, who later won the Nobel Prize for Physics for his contributions to quantum mechanics.
 - [Gentzen][4] died in 1945 after the Second World War, because he was deprived of food after being arrested in Prague.


  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes
  [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier
  [3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Hasen%C3%B6hrl
  [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Gentzen