Suppose that $M$ is a smooth manifold and $g_0, g_1$ are Riemann metrics on $M$. $\newcommand{\eH}{\mathscr{H}}$  Denote by $\eH_{g_i}$, $i=0,1$ and the sheaf of $g_i$-harmonic functions. More precisely for any open set $U\subset M$

$$\eH_{g_i}(U)=\big\{\; f\in C^\infty(U):\;\;\Delta_{g_i} u=0\;\big\}, $$

where $\Delta_{g_i}$ denotes the scalar Laplacian of the metric $g_i$.

[Long time ago I proved the following result][1].

> Suppose that $\eH_{g_0}(U)=\eH_{g_1}(U)$, for any open set $U\subset M$. 
> 
>- If $\dim M\geq 3$, then there exists $c\in (0,\infty)$ such that $g_1=c g_0$.

> - If $\dim M=2$, then there exists a smooth function $f: M\to (0,\infty)$ such  that $g_1=fg_0$, i.e., the metrics $g_0$ and $g_1$ live in the same conformal class.

The unique strong unique continuation of harmonic functions shows that this statement is  really a statement about the  stalks of the sheaves $\eH_{g_i}$. Note that these are sheaves of vector spaces, not rings.   In dimension $\geq 3$ these sheaves determine the metric up to a multiplicative positive constant.

  [1]: https://www3.nd.edu/~lnicolae/Rigidity_of_generalized.pdf