The following example does not work, it hasn't geometrically connected fibers. Sorry.

In general the answer is no. Take $k \subset K$, a finite extension of field (so the morphism $\operatorname{Spec}(K)\to\operatorname{Spec}(k)$ is proper). Let $X$ be an affine variety over $k$. Let now $x$ be a $K$-point of $X$ that is not defined over $k$. The corresponding morphism $\operatorname{Spec}(K)\to X$ does the job.