Let $A\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ be an real symmetric matrix with eigenvalues $\lambda_1, \lambda_2, \cdots, \lambda_n$ with some of which be nonzero and repeated, i.e., there exist $\lambda_i \ne 0$ with its algebraic multiplicity larger than 1. **Question**: Is it possible to find a real positive diagonal matrix $D\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ such that all nonzero eigenvalues in $DAD$ have algebraic multiplicity 1? **Thought**: I am currently considering deeming this as a $\text{rank}(A)$ perturbation such that $DAD=A+A\odot (xx^T-11^T)$ with $D = \text{diag}(x)$, though it does not reduce the problem complexity to me since the perturbation still depends on $A$. I also think that it is possibly true that if $D$ has distinct diagonal entries, then the eigenvalues of the product $DAD$ are distinct. However, a counter example is the simple case $A = \text{diag}(1, 1, 4, 0)$ and $D = \text{diag}(2, 3, 1, 4)$ resulting in $DAD = \text{diag}(4, 9, 4, 0)$ with new repeated nonzero eigenvalues. I wonder whether this is a rare case if $A$ is not a diagonal matrix and how rare these scenarios are. I am well aware [Ostrowski's inequality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvester%27s_law_of_inertia#Generalizations) as $DAD$ and $A$ are congruent. But that only provides me an upper bound and lower bound of eigenvalues of $DAD$ and does not suggest if those nonzero eigenvalues will be distinct. Any insights, references, or suggestions for further reading would be greatly appreciated. Related post: [[1]](https://mathoverflow.net/questions/76015/how-much-can-a-diagonal-matrix-change-the-eigenvalues-of-a-symmetric-matrix)