Let $f(x,y)=0$ be a surface. It is written in a book without proof that all rotation invariant of $f$ are combinations of the following four quantities: - $\Delta f = f_{xx}+f_{yy}$ - $||\nabla f||^2=f_x^2 + f_y ^2$ - $\det{H} = f_{xx} f_{yy} - f_{xy}^2$ - $(\nabla f, H \nabla f) = f_{xx}f_x^2 + 2f_{xy}f_xf_y+f_{yy}f_y^2$ How do I prove this?