Actually, the correct notion of maps preserving harmonicity is that of 'harmonic morphisms': A map $h:(M,g)\to (N,h)$ between Riemannian manifolds is a harmonic morphism if it pulls back $h$-harmonic functions on $N$ to $g$-harmonic functions on $M$. There are many, many nontrivial examples, and there is a large literature on the subject.
Robert Bryant
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