In many places, Ricci flow with surgery is done with orientable manifolds. Morgan and Tian do not require orientability, but instead they impose the condition that $M^3$ have no embedded $\Bbb RP^2$ with trivial normal bundle. Of course, this holds when $M^3$ is orientable.

They need this to prove the strong canonical neighborhood assumption. For example, the manifold $\Bbb RP^2\times S^1$ with some asymmetric metric might develop a singularity along the $\Bbb RP^2$, not an $S^2$. 

So, what if we do sugery along $S^2$s and $\Bbb RP^2$s? Does this work? It's easy enough to consider "nonorientable" $\varepsilon$-necks $\Bbb RP^2\times I$. A nonorientable standard solution is harder because $\Bbb RP^2$ is not the boundary of a compact 3-manifold ([see here][1]). Does this mean there's no hope? 


  [1]: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/99898/euler-characteristic-of-a-boundary