Execute a random walk from the origin on the integer lattice, but bias the four compass-direction probabilities from $\frac{1}{4}$ each to prefer to step in a spiraling direction. Calling the four step vectors $c_0,c_1,c_2,c_3$, with $c_i=(\cos (i \, \pi/2), \sin (i \, \pi/2))$, adjust the probabilities as follows. Let $v$ be the vector from the origin to the last point on the path, and $n$ the unit normal to $v$, counterclockwise $90^\circ$ to $v$. Then select step $c_i$ with probability $\frac{1}{4} (1+ c_i \cdot n)$. <hr /> [![SpiralVecs][1]][1] <br /> <sup> $\theta=60^\circ$. $\frac{1}{4}(1+c_2 \cdot n) = (1+\sqrt{3}/2)/4 \approx 0.47$. </sup> <hr /> Unsurprisingly, the random walks spiral around the origin: <hr /> [![3RandWalks][2]][2] <br /> <sup> $2000$-step random walks. Origin: green. Last point: red. </sup> <hr /> > ***Q***. Does Pólya's recurrence theorem hold for these walks? Do the walks return to the origin with probability $1$? All three of the above examples returned to the origin, but rather quickly: within $12$ steps. [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/RiYKa.jpg [2]: https://i.sstatic.net/W3pUv.jpg