Skip to main content
2 of 2
edited title

"Orthogonal complement" in $\mathbb{Z}_q^n$

Let $W$ be the finite $\mathbb{Z}$-module obtained from $\mathbb{Z}_q^n$ with addition componentwise where $\mathbb{Z}_q$ is the integers mod $q$. Let $V$ be a submodule of $W$. Let $V^{\perp} = \{w \in W : \forall v \in V \quad w \cdot v = 0 \}$ where $w\cdot v = w_1v_1 + \ldots + w_nv_n$. Is it true that ${(V^{\perp})}^{\perp} = V$ for all $q \geq 2$?

According to Wikipedia, this holds for finite dimensional inner product space, but I wish to know whether it holds in $\mathbb{Z}_q^n$ where $\cdot$ isn't an inner product.