Assume, $M$ is a smooth manifold with a measure $\mu$ and let $L^2(M, \mu)$ be a space of all square-integrable functions on $M$. Recall that $L$ is a _hypoelliptic differential operator_, if for every $f \in \mathcal{D}(L)$, if $Lf$ is in $C^\infty(M)$ then $f$ is also in $C^\infty(M)$. Could anyone give a reference to the example when $L$ is hypoelliptic but its adjoint w.r.t to $\mu$ is not hypoelliptic? Could this happen to the Hormander operators, when $L$ is defined as $$ L = \sum_i X_i^2 + X_0 $$ and $\{X_i\}$'s are bracket generating? I am mostly interested in the case when $\mu$ is induced by the Riemannian metric and $M$ is complete. Thanks,