From the Categorical abstract machine entry on wikipedia:
"The notion of categorical abstract machine, or CAM arose in the mid-1980s and in computer science takes a place of a kind of theory of computation for programmers. In a theory CAM is represented by Cartesian closed category (c.c.c.) and embedded into the combinatory logic."
Caml (aka the basis for Microsoft's F#) is an acronym for Categorical Abstract Machine Language.
Other interesting reading is A Categorical Manifesto by Joseph Goguen.
His language project is the OBJ family of languages.
