I guess a discrete-mathematics-related question is still welcome in MO since I was new to the community and learned from [this amazing past post](https://mathoverflow.net/questions/17226/is-discrete-mathematics-mainstream). The following claim is a simplified and abstract form of the network problem I am working on in distributed computing. N.B.: all the graphs mentioned below are simple and undirected. TL;DR ----- > Does an $(x, bx)$-biregular graph always contain a $x$-regular bipartite subgraph? Notation and Claim ------------------ A biregular or semiregular bipartite graph is a bipartite graph $G = (U, V, E)$ where the vertices in each bipartition $U$ or $V$ have the same degree. An $(x, y)$-biregular graph is a biregular graph $G = (U, V, E)$ where all vertices in $U$ have degree $x$ and the ones in $V$ have degree $y$ (from [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biregular_graph)). We have $x|U| = y|V|$ immediately. Let $|U| = ab$ and $|V| = a$. Then $bx = y$ and $1 \leq x \leq a$. > ***Claim.*** An $(x, bx)$-biregular graph $G = (U, V, E)$ always contains at least one $x$-regular bipartite subgraphs. And the beauty of the claim is that if it holds, we are guaranteed to keep removing such a subgraph from $G$ by recursively applying the claim — an $(x, bx)$-biregular graph $G = (U, V, E)$ is now decomposed into $b$ edge-disjoint $x$-regular bipartite subgraphs. [Here is a visual example](https://i.sstatic.net/miiwF.png) with $a = 4$, $b = 3$ and $x = 2$ (hence $|U| = 12$ and $|V| = 4$). The edges with the same colour consist of a subgraph. Some trivial cases: 1. When $x = a$, meaning $G$ is complete and biregular, the claim holds. 2. When $x = 1$, $G$ is disconnected but it is still the case. 3. When $b = 1$, $G$ is a $x$-regular bipartite graph itself. Possible Areas -------------- After a long time online searching, I found three areas may be related to the claim potentially: 1. [Hypergraphs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergraph) or [family of sets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_of_sets): in such context, it can be paraphrased into that a multiple $x$-uniform $bx$-regular hypergraph with $abx$ hyperedges includes an $x$-uniform $x$-regular partial subhypergraph with $a$ hyperedges. 2. [Block design](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_design) or more generally, [combinatorial design](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_design): the claim now becomes that a 1-$(a, x, bx)$ design comprises a 1-$(a, x, x)$ sub-design; the sub-design is symmetric (the number of points equals the number of blocks) and not necessarily simple (no repeated blocks allowed). 3. [Algebraic graph theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_graph_theory): [the adjacency matrix of a bipartite graph](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjacency_matrix#Of_a_bipartite_graph) is quite unique, let alone that of a biregular one; with linear-algebraic or group-theoretic techniques, we may have a solution. The Question ------------ It is threefold: 1. Do there exist some pre-existed results leading to the claim? 2. Is there a better way to efficiently come up with a possible counter-example? I just wrote a Python script to randomly generate such a biregular graph and output a list of all its regular bipartite subgraphs by the brute-force search (to avoid any bias caused by heuristic algorithms). If someone is interested, I can link the script here. 3. **In order to prove/disprove the claim, which other mathematical fields are the most likely to be helpful here?** Thanks in advance from a computer scientist!