Is there a version of Weyl's law or a local Weyl's law for eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian?

For some context, a colleague in statistics has encountered eigenvectors of the Laplacian for certain graphs. In her applications, the low frequencies correspond to large-scale spatial patterns, whereas the higher eigenfunctions tend to be localized (i.e. they are very small except at a few vertices) and oscillate rapidly. 

[![The eigenvector correspond to the Fiedler eigenvalue][1]][1]
 [![An eigenvector correspond to a large eigenvalue][2]][2]

For an example, here are two eigenfunctions of the graph corresponding to block groups in Columbus, Ohio. The first corresponds to the principle eigenvalue whereas the latter is associated to a high frequency. For her work, the graphs are always planar, but may not be regular and are fixed (i.e. not expanding).

She asked me if I knew of a reference that rigorously formalizes this phenomena. I wasn't able to find one, or even sure what it would be referred to in spectral graph theory. Does anyone have any recommendations?

**The Continuous Case**

In the continuous case on a compact manifold, this phenomena corresponds to some well-known results about the Laplace-Beltrami operator.

 The fact that the low-frequency eigenfunctions correspond to more "global" patterns can be formalized in terms of Bernstein (or Li-Yau) gradient estimates, which show that the functions do not oscillate too rapidly. Furthermore, it is possible to bound the number of nodal domains, which shows that the eigenfunctions do not switch signs too many times.

At higher frequencies, the fact that the eigenfunctions tend to be localized and oscillate rapidly can be proven using the local Weyl's law and some estimates bounding the size of the nodal sets. For precise statements of these results, Professor Canzani has some [lecture notes][3] that include these results (see Chapter 8). 

The issue that seems to prevent the direct application of these results to the discrete case is that the graph is fixed so there are only finitely many eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian. As such, it's not clear how to apply asymptotic results or how to prove gradient type estimates on a space that is not smooth.


  [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/Vkd5r.png?s=256
  [2]: https://i.sstatic.net/1rkdy.png?s=256
  [3]: https://canzani.web.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/12623/2016/08/Laplacian.pdf