EDIT: I simplified the question: Let $N$ be a **self-adjoint** matrix and consider a small perturbation of this matrix by another **diagonal skew-symmetric rank one matrix** $A=i \langle e_1,\bullet \rangle e_1$. If both $N$ and $A$ were self-adjoint, we'd have the nice Weyl inequalities linking the eigenvalues of the sum. The **perturbed matrix** $M:=N+A$ is not assumed to have any nice structure besides the fact that we assume that $\Im(\sigma(M)) \le -\delta$ for some $\delta>0$. Here, $\Im$ is the real part and $\sigma$ the spectrum. Moreover, we assume the following property: There is a normalized eigenvector $v$ of $N$ with $\Vert A v \Vert \le \varepsilon$ for some $\varepsilon,$ i.e. one of the eigenvectors of $N$ is (almost) in the nullspace of $A.$ Also, I am equally interested in making the assumption that that there is an approximate eigenvector $v$ for $N$ such that $$\Vert (N-\lambda)v \Vert \le \varepsilon \ \text{ and } Av=0.$$ **The question:** Does all this give us any information about how large $\delta$ can be in terms of $\varepsilon$ or are these two parameters independent? Put differently, can we conclude the existence of an eigenvalue of $M$ close to the real axis?