A very easy example (inspired by an answer by Laurent Moret-Bailly that he removed immediately after posting): Take $0 \to 3\mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z} \to 0$ and define a section $s: \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}$ by $s(0) = 0$, $s(1) = 1$ and $s(2) = -1$.
Here's an example from functional analysis that I happen to like, but it certainly is rather involved:
Take a non-complemented subspace $F$ of a Banach space $E$. The quotient map $p:E \to E/F$ admits a continuous and homogeneous right inverse $\sigma$ by a theorem of Bartle-Graves and Michael, see E. Michael "Continuous selections, I", Ann. Math. Vol. 63, No. 2 (Mar., 1956), pp. 361-382, Proposition 7.2. Homogeneity yields in particular $\sigma(-x) = -\sigma(x)$, but $\sigma$ cannot be linear because $F$ is not complemented in $E$.
You can take for instance $F = c_{0}$, the space of sequences converging to zero, inside the Banach space $E = \ell^{\infty}$ of bounded sequences.