I will rewrite my qusting using **Matt F.** suggestion.

Consider $R$ in the language $L$ with one function $f$, and a family of relations like
$$\{Sq(x,y):=x=y^2,  In(x):=x∈[1,3]\}$$
Consider the map $Q:2^\mathbb{R}→2^\mathbb{R}$ by
$$Q(S)=\{a:∃x,y∈S In(a)∧a=f(x)∧Sq(x,y)\}$$
which has a first-order definition in $L$ and uses $f$ only once. For a given language with one function $f$ and a family of relations, can we characterize the maps from $2^\mathbb{R}→2^\mathbb{R}$ which have similar first-order definitions in $L$ and use $f$ only once? 

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Also I want to describe my initial motivation: I wanted to logically describe all constructions of fractals such as Apollonian gasket Sierpinski triangle. In the setting of Apollonian gasket it is natural to replace $\mathbb{R}$ with the set of circles in $\mathbb{R}^2$ and $f$ with the map that outputs all tangent circles to a given three ones. So if we want to make a map $F$ that correctly add tangent circles to $i$-th step of Apollonian gasket we need some linear logical expressed set theoretic function from $f$.