This is a great question, and the answer leads to one of the best arguments for why category theory should be studied at all!

Every undergraduate mathematician should discover for themselves that character tables alone don't determine finite groups --- and then, just as their faith in the beauty of mathematics is about to shatter, they should be reassured that character tables are just a 'shadow' of the group's compact monoidal category of representations, and that DOES determine the group (or in general, groupoid).

The procedure for reconstructing a groupoid, up to equivalence, from its category of unitary complex representations, is stunningly beautiful: if G is our groupoid and Rep(G) is its representation category, then construct the groupoid which has objects given by symmetric monoidal functors Rep(G)-->Rep(1), and morphisms given by monoidal natural transformations between them. Here, Rep(1) is just the category representations of the trivial group --- in other words, just the category of finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, with monoidal structure given by tensor product. This is known as "Doplicher-Roberts style" reconstruction, and the best reference is Muger's appendix to [this paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0602036 "Hans Halvorson, Michael Mueger: Algebraic Quantum Field Theory"). It's more elegant than "Tannakian" reconstruction, as there's no need to start with a given fiber functor (i.e., a specified functor Rep(G)-->Rep(1)).

This should remind you strongly of the way you recover a compact topological space from the commutative C*-algebra of functions from that space into the complex numbers ... and there are indeed deep connections!