well, this link will direct you to just under 300 scholarly articles on Lehmer's polynomial:

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=polynomial+lehmer&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0%2C5&cites=18047953845360790641&scipsc=1

(oh, and I added the big-list tag to this question, I guess that is appropriate :)

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a small selection:

 - <A HREF="http://www.math.fsu.edu/~hironaka/papers/pretzel.pdf">The
   Lehmer polynomial and pretzel links</A>

 - <A HREF="http://www.math.fsu.edu/~hironaka/papers/Whatis.pdf">What is Lehmer's Number?</A>

 - <A HREF="http://dro.dur.ac.uk/10056/1/10056.pdf">Heights of polynomials and entropy in algebraic dynamics</A>
   
 - <A HREF="http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2031711">On the
   distribution of the roots of a polynomial with integral
   coefficients</A>

 - <A HREF="https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/19687/1/lms2000-004.pdf">Primes in sequences associated to polynomials (after Lehmer)</A>
   
 - <A HREF="http://www.ams.org/journals/proc/2005-133-05/S0002-9939-04-07753-6/">Lehmer's
   problem for compact Abelian groups</A>
   
 - <A HREF="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11139-010-9278-6#page-1">Higher
   Mahler measure for cyclotomic polynomials and Lehmer's question</A>
   
 - <A HREF="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1206.1734">Lehmer's Conjecture for
   Hermitian Matrices over the Eisenstein and Gaussian Integers</A>
   
 - <A HREF="http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/bcp/bcp34/bcp34112.pdf">Solved
   and unsolved problems on polynomials</A>

 - <A HREF="http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=6560800">Polynomials with restricted coefficients and prescribed noncyclotomic factors</A>

 - <A HREF="http://arxiv.org/pdf/math.CA/9906134">A seventeenth-order polylogarithm ladder</A>

 - <A HREF="http://arxiv.org/pdf/math.GT/0509068">Lehmer's question, knots and surface dynamics</A>