For any of your diagonal matrices $D$, let $J:=J_D$ be the set such that $D_{i,j}=1(i=j\in J)$ for all $i,j$ in the set $[N]:=\{1,\dots,N\}$, where, for any matrix $M$, its $(i,j)$-entry is denoted by $M_{i,j}$. Then $J$ is in $\binom{[N]}m$, the set of all subsets of $[N]$ of cardinality $m$.
So, for $J:=J_D$, $$\text{Tr}(ADBD) =\sum_{i,j,k,l\in[N]}A_{i,j}1(j=k\in J)B_{k,l}1(l=i\in J) \\ =\sum_{i\in[N],j\in J}A_{i,j}B_{j,i}=\sum_{j\in J}(BA)_{j,j}. $$
So, $\max_D\text{Tr}(ADBD)$ is the sum of the $m$ largest diagonal entries of the matrix $BA$.