Let $\mathscr{C}$ be a collection of subsets of a finite set $P$. Assume $\mathscr{C}$ is closed under union. What can we say about $$\sum_{S\in \mathscr{C}} (-1)^{|S|},$$ where $|S|$ is the number of elements of $S$? In particular, is the absolute value of this sum bounded by the number of minimal elements of $\mathscr{C}$, i.e., $$\left|\sum_{S\in \mathscr{C}} (-1)^{|S|}\right| \leq |\{S\in \mathscr{C}:\not \exists S'\subsetneq S \;\text{s.t.}\; S'\in \mathscr{C}\}|?$$
Alternating sum over collections closed under union
H A Helfgott
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