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Changed the integration variable in the second displayed formula, as to not conflict with the rest of the formula.
Jochen Glueck
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Uniform Hopf Inequality

There is a Uniform Hopf Inequality as follow:

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, $n \geq 1$ denote a smoothly bounded domain. Also let $\rho(x)=\mathrm{dist}(x,\partial \Omega)$, the distance function from $\partial \Omega$. Assume that $f ≥ 0$ belongs to $L^∞(Ω)$ and let $u$ denote the solution of $$ \begin{cases} -\Delta u = f & \Omega \\ u=0 & \partial \Omega \end{cases} $$ There exists $C>0$, independent of $f$, such that: $$ u(x) \geq C \rho(x) \int_{\Omega} f(y) \rho(y) \, dy. $$

I want to know that is there a similar type of result for heat equation or fractional one? I will be thanked if someone can give a reference.

Hheepp
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