If $C$ is a graded coalgebra (e.g. $C$= the homology of a d.g. Hopf algebra), then $C_0$ is not necesarily a subcoalgebra, because
$$\Delta(C_0)\subset (C\otimes C)_0=\oplus_{n\in\mathbb Z}C_n\otimes C_{-n}$$
For example, $H=k\{x,y\}/(x^2=y^2=xy+yx)$ is a graded Hopf algebra with $|x|=1$ and $|y|=-1$, both $x$ and $y$ primitives (in particular a d.g. Hopf algebra with $d=0$ and agree with its homology).
$H_0=k\oplus kx\wedge y$, and $$ \Delta(x\wedge y)= (x\otimes 1+1\otimes x)(y\otimes 1+1\otimes y)$$ $$= x\wedge y\otimes 1+1\otimes x\wedge y+ x\otimes y-y\otimes x \notin H_0\otimes H_0$$
Of course if $C=\oplus_{n\geq 0} C_n$, then $C_n=0$ for $n<0$ and $C_{-n}=0$ for $n>0$, so, the only nonzero summand in $\oplus_{n\in\mathbb Z}C_n\otimes C_{-n}$ is $C_0\otimes C_0$.