Theorem 1:  All integers solutions to $a^2+b^2=c^2$ are
given by $a,b,c=(2 x y , x^2 - y^2 , x^2 + y^2)$

Proof: We use sagemath to parametrize the conic:

	sage: K.<a,b,c>=QQ[]
	sage: co=Conic(a^2+b^2-c^2);pa=co.parametrization();pa
	(Scheme morphism:
	   From: Projective Space of dimension 1 over Rational Field
	   To:   Projective Conic Curve over Rational Field defined by a^2 + b^2 - c^2
	   Defn: Defined on coordinates by sending (x : y) to
		 (2*x*y : x^2 - y^2 : x^2 + y^2),
	 Scheme morphism:
	   From: Projective Conic Curve over Rational Field defined by a^2 + b^2 - c^2
	   To:   Projective Space of dimension 1 over Rational Field
	   Defn: Defined on coordinates by sending (a : b : c) to
		 (1/2*a : -1/2*b + 1/2*c))

Counterexample to Theorem 1:  

$a,b,c=(9,12,15)$.

Proof: $15$ is not the sum of two integer squares.