[Rummikub][1] ?  It encourages some logical thought and analysis.  It seems to have at least one mathematical paper on it<sup>1</sup> 

https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxl033

and it's popular and fun. 

<sup>1</sup>D. Den Hertog, P. B. Hulshof, Solving Rummikub Problems by Integer Linear Programming, The Computer Journal, Volume 49, Issue 6, November 2006, Pages 665–669, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxl033

  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rummikub