I just checked using SnapPea that there is a cover of the Seifert-Weber dodecahedral space of index 25 (a 5-fold cyclic cover of a 5-fold cyclic cover) which has positive first betti number hence is Haken.
The Seifert-Weber space is a 5-fold cyclic branched cover over the Whitehead link complement. There are two such 5-fold covers (up to homeomorphism), which one may compute using SnapPea (perform $(5,0)$ surgery on each cusp of the Whitehead link, then compute all 5-fold cyclic covers of this orbifold, giving four manifold covers). One may then compute the 5-fold cyclic covers of these two manifolds. One of them (not Seifert-Weber) has a 5-fold cyclic cover with positive betti number, whereas the 5-fold cyclic covers of the Seifert-Weber space have trivial betti number. However, one of them will be a 5-fold cover of its sibling, and hence will have a 5-fold cover which has positive betti number.
There are many other ways that we know the Seifert-Weber space to have positive first betti number (Hempel's paper pointed out by Igor shows that there is a 5-fold irregular cover), but it is an interesting question whether given a manifold $M$ with $b_1(M,\mathbb{F}_p)\geq 4$, is there a $p$-cover which has positive first betti number (I asked this as question 5 in a survey paper). Since all 5-fold covers of the Seifert-Weber space have $b_1(*; \mathbb{F}_5)\geq 4$, then this computation shows that a single 5-fold cyclic cover works.