Microlocal analysis is used in computed tomography and other tomographic imaging techniques e.g. in medicine .
Specifically, it is used to describe which wavefront sets (here: boundaries of objects, e.g. of organs in the human body) can or can not be detected by a specific tomographic measurement setup and also helps to understand reconstruction artifacts and develop strategies to overcome these. Details can be found for example in
- the overview article Microlocal analysis in tomography by Krishnan and Quinto and
- the "Mathematics of Planet Earth" article Microlocal Analysis and Imaging.