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Stefan Mesken
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In my question I already proved that (assuming 1. and 2.) item 3. is provable without assuming that $\pi(r)$ is $k$-solid over $(\mathcal{M},q)$. To see that we can actually drop $k$-solidity in this lemma, it hence suffices to see that 1. and 2. also don't require that $k$-solidity of $\pi(r)$.

If $\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} = \operatorname{Ord}^{\mathcal{M}}$, then $\pi = \operatorname{id}$ and the lemma trivially holds. Thus assume that $\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} < \operatorname{Ord}^{\mathcal{M}}$.

  1. Let $\alpha \leq \rho_{k}^{\mathcal M}$. Since $\pi \restriction \rho_{\kappa}^{\mathcal{M}} = \operatorname{id}$ and since $\pi$ is generalized $r \Sigma_{k}$-elementary, we have - up to a slight abuse of notation - \begin{align*} \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\alpha \cup \{ s \}) &= \{(\phi, \vec{a}, s) \mid \vec{a} \in ^{< \omega}{\alpha} \wedge \mathcal{H} \models \phi[\vec{a}, s] \} \\ &= \{(\phi, \vec{a}, s) \mid \vec{a} \in ^{< \omega}{\alpha} \wedge \mathcal{M} \models \phi[\vec{a}, \pi(s)] \} \end{align*} In particular, for any $\phi \in r \Sigma_{k}$ and any $\vec{a} \in ^{< \omega}{\alpha}$, we have $$ (\phi, \vec{a}, s) \in \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\alpha \cup \{s \}) \iff (\phi, \vec{a}, \pi(s)) \in \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}(\alpha \cup \{ \pi(s) \}). $$ By enlarging $\alpha$, if necessary, we may assume that $\alpha$ is primitive recursively closed and hence uniformly code \begin{align*} \{(\phi, \vec{a}) \mid (\phi, \vec{a}, s) \in \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\alpha \cup \{ s \}) \} \\ = \{(\phi, \vec{a}) \mid (\phi, \vec{a}, \pi(s)) \in \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}(\alpha \cup \{ \pi(s) \}) \} \end{align*} as a subset $A \subseteq \alpha$. Since $\alpha < \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}$, we have $\operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}(\alpha \cup \{ \pi(s) \}) \in \mathcal{M}$ and hence $A \in \mathcal{M}$. By the strong acceptability of $\mathcal{M}$ - observing that $\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}$ is an $\mathcal{M}$-cardinal - this yields $$ A \in \mathcal{J}_{\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}}^{\mathcal M} = \left( H_{\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}} \right)^{\mathcal{M}} \overset{\pi \restriction \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} = \operatorname{id}}{=} \left( H_{\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}}\right)^{\mathcal{H}} \subseteq \mathcal{H}. $$ Therefore $$ \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\alpha \cup \{ s \}) = \{ (\phi, \vec{a}, s) \mid \langle \phi, \vec{a} \rangle \in A \} \in \mathcal{H} $$ and $\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} \leq \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}$.

    On the other hand, suppose that $\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} < \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}$. Then $\operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} \cup \{(r,q)\}) \in \mathcal{H}$. Let $A \subseteq \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}$, $A \in \mathcal{H}$ be a uniform code for $$ \{ (\phi, \vec{a}) \mid (\phi, \vec{a}, (r,q)) \in \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} \cup \{(r,q)\})\}. $$ Then $A = \pi(A) \cap \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} \in \mathcal{M}$ witnesses (as above) that $\operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} \cup \{ \pi(r), \pi(q)\}) \in \mathcal{M}$. This contradicts the fact that $\pi(r)$ is the $k$th standard parameter of $(\mathcal{M},\pi(q))$!

  2. The proof above also shows that $\operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}} \cup \{ (r,q)\}) \not \in \mathcal{H}$. Hence it suffices to show that for all $s <_{\operatorname{lex}} r$ $$ \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}} \cup \{ (s,q)\}) \in \mathcal{H}. $$ So, fix $s <_{\operatorname{lex}} r$. Then $\pi(s)<_{\operatorname{lex}} \pi(r)$ and hence $$ \operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}} \cup \{ (\pi(s),\pi(q))\}) \in \mathcal{M}. $$ Let $A \subseteq \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}$, $A \in \mathcal{M}$ be the code of this fact as above. Since $\pi(r)$ is $k$-universal over $(M, \pi(q))$ there is some $\tau \in \operatorname{Sk}_{k}$ and $\vec{a} \in ^{< \omega}{\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}}$ such that $A = \tau^{\mathcal{M}}[\vec{a}, \pi(r), \pi(q)] \cap \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}$. Let $$ B = \tau^{\mathcal{H}}[\vec{a}, \pi(r), \pi(q)] \cap \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}}. $$ Since $\pi$ is generalized $r \Sigma_{k}$-elementary we have, for all $\xi < \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{M}} = \rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}$ $$ \mathcal{M} \models \xi \in \tau^{\mathcal{M}}[\vec{a},\pi(r),\pi(q)] \iff \mathcal{H} \models \xi \in \tau^{\mathcal{H}}[\vec{a},r,q]. $$ Thus $B = A \in \mathcal{H}$ witnesses that $\operatorname{Th}_{k}^{\mathcal{H}}(\rho_{k}^{\mathcal{H}} \cup \{(s,q)\}) \in \mathcal{H}$ and hence the $<_{\operatorname{lex}}$-minimality of $r$.

Stefan Mesken
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