On page 4 of [1 ] , you find: > [...] a *multiplex network* can be represented as a collection of graphs $$\mathcal{G}=\{G^{(\ell)}=(V_n,E^{(\ell)})\}_{\ell \in V_L}$$ where $V_n=\{1,\ldots,n\}$ is the set of nodes, $V_l=\{1,\ldots,L\}$ s the set of layers and $E^{(\ell)}\subset V_n\times V_n$ is the set of edges on layer $\ell$. These structures are also sometimes called *multi-layer graphs*. Note that in the above formulation it is assumed that the nodes on each layer are the same (this models the bijective edges you are referring to). [1 ] *Node and layer eigenvector centralities for multiplex networks.* F Tudisco, F Arrigo, A Gautier - SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 2018 ([arXiv][1]) [1]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.08448.pdf