There seems to be a wide variance in what faculty members view as their responsibilities as a student’s adviser. I understand that some advisers go above and beyond what's expected and we can't hold everyone to their standards. I also understand that there is no one right method and two advisers with very different methods can be equally successful. However, it does seem useful to understand what we view as the baseline. 

My question simply is: what are an adviser's role and responsibilities?

This question refers to both research as well as professional development (support, networking, job search, etc).